Determiners
BASIC RULES
- The + Noun : To say “you know which I mean”
- Contrariwise, a/an + singular countable noun. 这类名词一定得配上冠词或限定词使用～
- NO Articles before plural noun / uncountable noun.
- Don’t use the to talk about things in general. Like “Elephants can swim very well”
More about the
the = “you know which one(s)”
What did you do with the coffee I bought?(The speaker says which coffee)
I don’t drink any coffee.(any coffee)
- There is only one(the sun, the moon, the world, the universe, the future) or there is only one in our part of the world(the government).
- I haven’t seen the sun for days.
- Do you trust the government?
- There is only normally only one best, biggest.
- Use the with first, next, last, same, and only.
I’m the oldest.
More about a/an
Mention one person or thing for the first time.
There is a police car ourside.
Use a/an when we talk about any one member of a class.
I would like to live in an old house. (any old house)
No article with plural and uncountable nouns
- Uncountable nouns: information advice progress weather English
- Instead of no article, we can sometimes use some or any.(any is more common in questions and negatives)
Miscellaneous
be going to do sth 将要做某事
In these polar regions, the balance of nature has already been disrupted.
has been + 过去分词（现在完成时+被动）
you will be expected to write 250 words or more expressing your opinion about a given topics.
will be expected(一般将来时 + 被动)
I once again reaffirm my position that the Internet has had a positive impact on modern life because of its influence on communication and the flow of information.
has had (现在完成时)
in the past : 只能用一般过去式
In the past, research involved spending many hours in the library.
in the past + 时间段: 可以用现在完成时
In the past 10 years China has speeded up urbanization.
At times, news correspondents must summon their courage to help to give a voice to the voiceless and hold the powerful accountable for their actions.
The health care costs that are accrued by people developing such conditions as acute respiratory problems.
由患有急性呼吸系统疾病的人所累积的医疗费用。
frequently held misconceptions about the disease
对这种疾病常见的误解
Any stories that may have adverse effects on the subjects shouled be run with compassion.
more common than ever before**
xxx has dramatically altered our lives over the past few decades.
There remains __
It is an indisputable fact that _
as to = about
The are few parallels between and _. 没有什么相似之处
is favourable for 有利于
Vocabulary
bank 溪；浅滩；willow tree 柳树 ； shallow-hearted 薄情的；
without
Money in not everything but nothing can be done without money. (錢不是萬能，但沒有錢卻萬萬不能)
I like to drink coffee without sugar. (我喜歡喝不加糖的咖啡)
Henry left us without a word. (亨利一句話也沒說就離開我們了) (正)
Henry left us without word. (誤)Without 已經有否定的意思，其後不能再接任何否定字。例如：
- Allen walked past without saying anything. (艾倫走了過去，什麼話也沒說) (正)
Allen walked past without saying nothing. (誤)